7.75 Linear Feet. The Dwight I. Todd Papers date from 1890-1983 and have been divided into six series: correspondence, records of political activities, publications, James A. and Marien Smith Todd papers, miscellaneous and photographs. Biographical note: Dwight I. Todd was born December 19, 1877, at Burr Oak, Michigan, to James A. and Marien (Smith) Todd. He graduated from high school there in 1896. Todd held a variety of jobs including teaching, meat sales, and locating homesteaders in the Dakotas. In June 1903 Todd married Jessie V. Drake of Fort Wayne, Indiana. Shortly after, they moved to Bottineau, North Dakota. They relocated in the fall of 1905 to Barr Butte Township, near Jessie's brother Ed Drake. In the fall of 1908, they moved to Stony Creek, close to Williston. Dwight and Jessie Todd had four children: Almeda Mavourneen, Petra (Pete), Kenneth, and Norman (Bud). Jessie Todd died in Fargo in 1930 of undiagnosed cancer. Dwight Todd then moved back to Michigan until 1966, when he moved to Williston to live with his daughter, Mavourneen. Todd became active in the Socialist Party partly in response to the influence of Jessie Todd's brother, Charles Drake, who worked on the 1908 national presidential campaign of Eugene V. Debs. Todd worked on party organization in Williams County for over ten years, but by the Depression he had become disillusioned with the Socialist Party and concentrated his efforts on farm-related concerns. Todd's involvement with the Farmers Union began with a desire to improve the economic conditions for the farmers through cooperative and mutual organizations which he strongly supported. Intellectually, he embraced those political philosophies involving socialism, communism, and cooperative associations, but he did not accept the philosophy of public ownership of farm land. Todd was a voracious reader, and his personal library was said to be the largest in Williams County. Little of philosophical or political interest escaped Todd's rumination during his active lifetime. Todd died in October 1968 at Williston at the age of 90. Finding aid available: https://apps.library.und.edu/archon/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=307
Einsatzgruppen Case: records, 1947-1948
3.5 linear ft. (7 boxes). The Einsatzgruppen Case (boxes 108-114) tried 24 defendants who were in charge of the Einsatzgruppen, the German special task forces which were formed in May, 1941, just before the German invasion of Russia. The units were organized at the direction of Hitler and Himmler, by Reinhardt Heydrich, Chief of the Security Police. The personnel came from the SS (Schutzstaffel), the SD (Sicherheitsdienst), the Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei), and other police units. It was alleged that the primary purpose of the units was to accompany the German Army into occupied territories and to exterminate Jews, gypsies, Soviet officials, and other "undersirables". It was charged that a million people were killed by these units. Specifically, the defendants were accused of: crimes against humanity; genocide, particularly of Jews, gypsies, Soviet officials; ill-treatment of prisoners of war; and other war crimes. The defendants were: Otto Ohlendorf, Heinz Jost, Erich Naumann, Otto Rasch, Erwin Schulz, Franz Six, Paul Blobel, Walter Blume, Martin Sandberger, Willy Seibert, Eugen Steimle, Ernst Biberstein, Werner Braune, Walter Haensch, Gustav Nossike, Adolf Ott, Eduard Strauch, Emil Haussmann, Waldemar Klingelhoeffer, Lothar Fendler, Waldemar von Radetzky, Felix Ruehl, Heinz Schubert, and Mathias Graf. 13 defendants were sentenced to hang, 7 were sentenced to prison, 3 were acquitted and 1 was not tried with the rest due to health problems. One of 12 war crimes trials of Nazis conducted by the American Military Tribunals after World War II, in Nuremberg, Germany. The trial ran from Sept. 15, 1947 to April 9, 1948 and tried 24 defendants. Catalogue record: http://odin-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/und:und_all:ODIN_ALEPH000730625
William Julison Papers, 1908-1988
42.75 Linear Feet. The William Julison Papers date from 1908 to 1988, although the bulk of the material is from 1930 to 1988. The papers originally measured 62.5 linear feet and were completely unorganized. Therefore, at the time of acquisition, it was deemed expedient to do only a cursory appraisal of the material on site. Upon processing, the papers were rearranged to reflect Julison's personal life, his work as a commercial artist/cartoonist, and his interest in sports and silent western films. Subjects include Julison family history; his service with Company 1604, Civilian Conservation Corps in Gays Mills, Wis. (1939-1941) and with U.S. Army as cartoonist and illustrator for several post newspapers (1941-1945) and as German language translator (1945-1946) during World War II; duties as sportswriter and illustrator for Grand Forks Herald (1946-1956); his commercial art business, Art Mart (1956-1988); Germans from Russia in the Dakotas; local sports history, particularly documenting hockey and softball played in the city of Grand Forks as well as at University of North Dakota; and his interest in silent Western movies. Finding aid available: https://apps.library.und.edu/archon/index.php?p=collections/controlcard&id=649
