Center for Oral History Archives

Resources (85)

• Air Force Academy

  5,754 pp. at present, 1968-present. Concerns strategy and tactics in the air during World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. Individual restrictions apply.

• Alexandra Kollontai Project

  259 pp., 1978. Series of interviews on the life and career of Alexandra Kollontai (1872–1952), undertaken by Sonya Baevsky as part of a larger project on the Russian revolutionary and diplomat, involving also a documentary film. Some of the taped interviews are with persons who knew Kollontai; others discuss the significance of her career to Russian history, revolutionary movements, and women's history. Participants and pages: Erik Boheman (3), Barbara Clements (110), Runa Haukaa (5), Meridal Lessueur (61), Just Lippe (4), Alva Myrdal (7), Eva Palmaer (15), Margit Palmaer-Walden (11), Margit Palmaer-Walden and Alva Myrdal (2), Kenneth Rexroth (9), Gloria Steinem (26), and Aksel Zachariassen (6). Permission required to see.

• Andrew Jackson Goodpaster (b. 1915)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 137 pp., 1967. Army officer and White House aide. Speaks of U.S. relations with the Soviet Union during the Eisenhower administration. PRCQ. Micro.

• Andrew Wellington Cordier (1901-1975)

  532 pp., 1964. Educator and assistant to the UN secretary general in 1946. He also served in the UN in later years. He assesses such Russian leaders as Nikita Khrushchev, Andrei Gromyko, and other UN deputies. Comprehensive discussion of the early UN, its creation, the Hungarian (1956) and other crises. PRCQ. Micro. See also under Dag Hammarskjold and International Negotiations Projects.

• Angelica Balabanova (1878-1965)

  100 pp., 1958. Russian socialist. Taken separately but now grouped with the Radio Liberty project. Balabanova was one of Lenin's closest colleagues and the first chief secretary of the executive committee of the Comintern. She discusses the 1917 Revolution, V. I. Lenin the man, the Comintern, the Zimmerwald Conference during World War I, John Reed, I. V. Stalin, and L. D. Trotskii. She also compares Bolshevism and fascism. Permission required to see.

• Arthur Krock (1887-1974)

  102 pp., 1950. Newspaperman. Was present at the Yalta Conference in 1945. PRCQ. Micro.

• Aviation

  5,200 pp., 1961. More than 110 American and foreign figures important in the history of aviation recorded their memories of early flight, aerial combat (World War I, World War II, Korea), commercial aviation, and much more. No Soviet participants appear in the list of contributors. PRCQ in most cases. Many in Micro.

• Bela Fabian (1889-1967)

  447 pp., 1951, and papers. Hungarian political figure. In 1918 he escaped from a Russian POW concentration camp to Petrograd. Discusses these experiences, Russia and Hungary in 1918, the Tashkent and Krasnaia Rechka camps where he was interned, A. Kerensky, V. I. Lenin, A. V. Kolchak, A. M. Kaledin, Aleksei A. Lebedev, Miasoedov, G. Rasputin, I. V. Stalin, and L. D. Trotskii. PRCQ. Micro.

• Ben Shahn (1898-1969)

  154 pp., 1960. Artist. Discusses his early life in Lithuania. PRCQ. 74 Boris Basil Shishkin (b. 1906). 872 pp., 1957. Economist. Covers his early years in Russia, education, World War I, the Revolution, and his flight to Istanbul. PRCQ. Micro.

• Bennett Alfred Cerf (1898-1971)

  1,029 pp., 1968. Book publisher. Traveled to Russia after World War I and the Revolution. Permission required to see.

• Boris Alexander Bakhmeteff (1880-1951)

  568 pp., 1950. Engineer and diplomat. Early life in Russia, engineering studies in Switzerland and the U.S., Russian political affairs in 1903–14, and Russia in World War I. He came to the U.S. as part of the War Supply Mission, 1915–16, and, after the February Revolution, became ambassador to this country, in which post he remained until 1922. He discusses the Kerensky government, his ambassadorial service, the Woodrow Wilson administration, Edward Stettinius, Sr., and John Spargo. Permission required to see.

• Branko Lukac (fl. 1930s)

  (League of Nations). 124 pp., 1966. Official of the League of Nations. Discusses the organization's role and work, including details of the Russo-Finnish War of 1939–40. PRCQ.

• Cass Canfield (b. 1897)

  417 pp., 1966. Book publisher. Canfield interviewed Leon Trotskii in 1940. PRCQ. Micro.

• Charlotte Garrison (1881-1972)

  58 pp., 1967. Educator. Traveled as a tourist to Russia in 1929, visiting schools, hospitals, and prisons. PRCQ. Micro.

• Chester Bowles (b. 1901)

  866 pp., 1963. Diplomat and government official. Discusses his long career, including work on the Defense Council, with the UNRRA, 1946–47, and in the John F. Kennedy administration. PRCQ. Micro.

• Corliss Lamont (b. 1902)

  165 pp., 1960. Author and teacher. Discusses his visits to the Soviet Union. Permission required to see.

• Dag Hammarskjold Project

  230 pp., 1962. Colleagues reminisce about Hammarskjold (1905–1961), Swedish statesman and secretary general of the UN, 1953–61, his approach to administration and the executive challenges of his post, especially staffing the secretariat, the Congo crisis, and the Russian troika proposal. PRCQ.

• David Rowan Nimmer (1894-1975)

  199 pp., 1970. Marine Corps officer. Nimmer was naval attache at the American embassy in Moscow in 1934–35. He also went on missions to Warsaw, Leningrad, and Sevastopol. Permission required to see.

• DeWitt Clinton Poole (1885-1952)

  490 pp., 1952. Diplomat. Served in Russia during the Revolution, 1917–18. Detailed account of these events and the Allied intervention at Archangel, 1919. Later he served in the Russian Affairs division of the State Department. PRCQ. Micro.

• Dillon Anderson (1906-1974)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 130 pp., 1969. Lawyer. Speaks of the Geneva Summit Conference, President D. D. Eisenhower, and John Foster Dulles. PRCQ. Micro.

• Donald Duncan (1896-1975)

  981 pp., 1964. Naval officer. He was at the Yalta Conference. Much information about military affairs (e.g., missiles and aeronautics, the Korean War, the atom bomb).

• Dwight David Eisenhower (1890-1969)

  114 pp., 1967. Army officer and U.S. president. Discusses many international crises and problems of his administration. Certain pages closed.

• Earl Browder (1891-1973)

  525 pp., 1964, plus papers. U.S. communist leader. Discusses the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Communist Party in 1919, the 1921 International Trade Union Congress in Russia, the third congress of the Communist International, the United Front and seventh congress of the Comintern, 1935, the Stalin-Hitler pact of 1939, World War II, postwar changes in the Communist Party, ideology, American radicalism, and various communist leaders. PRCQ. Micro.

• Edward P. Morgan (b. 1910)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 53 pp., 1967. Writer and broadcaster. Covered such events as the "Kitchen Debate" between Vice-President Richard Nixon and Nikita Khrushchev in 1959. Permission required to see.

• Eisenhower Administration

  35,597 pp. at present, 1962-present, plus papers. Testimony gathered from General Dwight D. Eisenhower, his family, and those who played important roles in his 2 terms as president, 1953–61. More than 270 persons have participated. Among them:

• Eleanor Lansing Dulles (b. 1895)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 973 pp., 1967. Economist. She served in the State Department in 1942–62. Covers such topics as the UNRRA, the Morgenthau Plan, post-World War II displaced persons, and internal security investigations. Permission required to see.

• Elvin C. Stakman (1885-1979)

  1,687 pp., 1970. Plant pathologist. Discusses his interest in world food and hunger problems, agricultural science in Russia and other communist nations. Permission required to see.

• Eugene Edward Wilson (1887-1974)

  974 pp., 1962. Naval aviator and aircraft industrialist. Impressions of Igor Sikorsky. PRCQ. Micro.

• Evan Peter Aurand (b. 1917)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 138 pp., 1967. Naval officer. N. Khrushchev's visit (1959) and the "Spirit of Camp David." PRCQ. Micro.

• Frederic Rene Coudert (1871-1955)

  170 pp., 1950, plus papers. Lawyer. Impressions of Boris Bakhmeteff. PRCQ. Micro.

• George Ephraim Sokolsky (1893-1962)

  126 pp., 1962. Newspaper columnist and author. Reference to Russia. PRCQ. Micro.

• George Stroganoff-Scherbatoff (1898-1976)

  252 pp., 1974. Naval officer. Concerns radio communications of the Russian naval general staff in 1916–17; the October 1917 Revolution; pre-revolutionary Russian society; family history and attempts to recover his inheritance; childhood and education; career as a U.S. naval officer in World War II; service as a translator at Yalta, Potsdam, Paris Peace, and Big Four Conferences; and "Arms of Friendship," a Soviet-U.S. veterans exchange program, 1958–67. PRCQ.

• George Venable Allen (1903-1970)

  77 pp., 1962, and 213 pp., 1967. Diplomat. 2 separate interviews. In the first he discusses the Potsdam conference of 1945 and his foreign service career. In the second, for the Eisenhower Administration project, he covers his tenure as director of USIA, the U.S. exhibition in Moscow and famous "Kitchen Debate" between N. S. Khrushchev and Richard M. Nixon, and his impressions of various secretaries of state (including John Foster Dulles). PRCQ. Micro.

• Hans V. Kaltenborn (1878-1965)

  (Radio Pioneers). 248 pp., 1950. Radio commentator and editor. He speaks of his visits to the USSR in 1926 and 1929. The second trip was under the auspices of the Russian-American Chamber of Commerce. He comments on American engineers in Russia, the friendliness of Russians to foreigners, and the strength of the Bolshevik regime. Detailed table of contents and index. PRCQ. Micro.

• Harrison Salisbury (b. 1908)

  (Journalism Lectures). 65 pp., n.d. Editor of the New York Times. Describes Nikita Khrushchev's 1959 visit to the U.S., particularly his trip to the Garst farm to inspect corn ("The Battle of Coon Rapids"). Salisbury talks about the problems of covering this event, the distorting effect of the journalists' presence, and his impressions of Soviet journalists. PRCQ.

• Henriette Epstein

  120 pp., 1976. Discusses her husband Abraham Epstein, his emigration from Russia to the United States, involvement with the workers' education movement in 1920, impressions of Russia (1921), job as research director for the Pennsylvania Old Age Commission, 1920–27, founding of the American Association for Old Age Security, 1927, fight for old age pension laws; and the Social Security Act of 1935. Permission required to see.

• Henry Agard Wallace (1888-1965)

  5,197 pp., 1951, and microfilm papers, 36 items. Public official and U.S. vice-president. Scattered references to Britain and the USSR during World War II, his own trip to Siberia in June 1944, post-war Russia, his meetings with (and impressions of) Soviet and European diplomats, and major issues in Soviet-American relations. He comments on the problem of American recognition of the USSR, the Russo-Finnish War of 1939–40, Sikorski and the Polish Question, the disbanding of the Comintern, the Teheran conference, and trips to Russia by Wendell Willkie and Don Nelson. Impressions of M. Litvinov, J. Stalin, A. Gromyko, V. Molotov, and the Soviet Ambassador Constantine Oumansky. PRCQ. Micro.

• Herbert Henry Lehman (1878-1963)

  (Herbert H. Lehman Project). 785 pp., 1961. Governor of New York and U.S. senator. Lehman was one of the initiators of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) after World War II. He became that agency's director general, in which capacity he had dealings with the Soviet Union (as member and aid recipient) —through the governments of the Ukraine and Byelorussia. Full topical index. PRCQ. Micro.

• International Negotiations

  1,677 pp., 1970present. Edward W. Barrett, director of the Communications Institute of the Academy for Educational Development, conducted these interviews with individuals well versed in international negotiations and mediation of disputes. The single largest transcript, is that of W. Averell Harriman (q.v.). Others interviewed include: Manlio Brosio, 24 pp., Arthur J. Goldberg, 51 pp., Sir Geoffrey Harrison, 34 pp., Joseph E. Johnson, 120 pp., Theodore W. Kheel, 43 pp., John J. McCloy, 24 pp., Llewellyn Thompson, 29 pp., and Vladimir Velebit, 80 pp. Permission required to see.

• J. B. S. Hardman (1882-1968)

  83 pp., 1962. American labor leader born in the Russian Empire. Discusses his early life in Vilna [Vilnius, Vilno]; his father was in the lumber business. His years in Russia, 1900–10, were punctuated by arrest, 1906, as a union leader and by a trip to London, 1907, for a Social Democratic Party conference, where he saw V. I. Lenin and L. D. Trotskii. Open.

• Jacob Samuel Potofsky (b. 1894)

  883 pp., 1965. Union official. Covers his family background and education in Russia, subsequent emigration to the U.S. PRCQ. Micro.

• James C. Hagerty (b. 1909)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 569 pp., 1968. Journalist and presidential press secretary. Talks of travels with President Eisenhower as press secretary and of Nikita Khrushchev. Permission required to see.

• James Freeman Curtis (1878-1952)

  334 pp., 1951. Lawyer. Impressions of Efrem Zimbalist. PRCQ. Micro.

• James J. Wadsworth (b. 1905)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 248 pp., 1967. Government official. Discusses disarmament conferences, nuclear test ban treaty negotiations, Soviet relations, and his work with the United Nations. PRCQ. Micro.

• James William Barco (b. 1916)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 1,061 pp.; 1963. Lawyer and ambassador. Impressions of Nikita Khrushchev; discussion of various international questions and crises (World War II, Hungarian revolt of 1956) of the mid-20th c. Closed until 1 January 1984.

• John Bertram Oakes (b. 1913)

  64 pp., 1962. Newspaper editor. Visited the USSR in 1936, Permission required to see.

• John Brophy (1883-1963)

  1,036 pp., 1955. Labor union official. He visited Russia in 1927. He comments on labor's view of socialism, communists, the labor movement, and William Z. Foster. PRCQ. Micro.

• John Campbell White (1884-1967)

  139 pp., 1953. Diplomat and official. White was in the diplomatic service in Russia, 1915–16. He also talks about his experiences in Poland in 1919–21 (food distribution problems, Poles in the Ukraine, meeting with S. V. Petliura, the Bolshevik advance on Warsaw). He was first secretary at the Riga embassy, 1924–25, when that post was a main conduit for information about the Soviet Union. Back in Washington, he was with the East European division of the State Department in 1926. He comments on the question of American recognition of the USSR. PRCQ. Micro.

• John Richardson Alison (b. 1912)

  (Aviation Project). 132 pp., I960. Air Force officer. In the USSR during World War II in connection with lend-lease. After 6 months in the Soviet Union, he was in Persia for 6 months, assisting the Russians (on assignment from the U.S. embassy in Moscow). He taught the Russians how to assemble and disassemble American aircraft. PRCQ. See also under Air Force Academy Project.

• John Sheldon David Eisenhower (b. 1922)

  144 pp., 1967. Army officer and the president's son. Recalls anecdotes and personal aspects of his father's career and presidency, Korea, weapons development, and the Geneva Conference. Permission required to see. Various diplomats discuss their service in the USSR and negotiations with Soviet leaders. Some materials are closed; some require permission to see, others—PRCQ.

• Joseph Barnes (1907-1970)

  300 pp., 1953. Newspaperman. Entered the London School of Slavonic Studies in 1927; traveled to the Soviet Union the next year to study the peasant commune, staying for 8 months. He returned to the USSR in 1931, representing the New York Herald Tribune for nearly a year. He was again in the Soviet Union in 1934–39 and 1946–48. He discusses reporting from Russia and coverage of the N. Bukharin show trial (and others) in the purges. PRCQ.

• Joseph Charles Aub (1890-1973)

  566 pp., 1957, plus papers. Physician. Aub knew and gives his impressions of Ivan Pavlov. PRCQ. Micro.

• Kenneth Wayne Dryden (b. 1947)

  58 pp., 1976. Athlete. Family background, public interest activities, the Montreal Summer Olympics of 1976, Official Secrets Act, Canadian national hockey team and Canadian hockey structure, impressions of Moscow and Leningrad in 1969, an incident during the Soviet Army-Philadelphia Flyers hockey game, and the Soviet Sport Institute. PRCQ, some pages closed.

• Leslie Clarence Dunn (1893-1974)

  1,086 pp., 1960. Columbia genetics professor. In 1927 he traveled to the Soviet Union. Discussion of Soviet science and scientists, the history of genetics in Russia, plant breeding in Russia, the end of the Gorki Institute of Medico-Genetics and the crisis of 1938, the Lysenko school versus the Mendel-Morgan-Weissman school of genetics, scientific debates in Russia in 1936, 1938–39, and 1948, and the American-Soviet Science Society. He speaks of Alexander Serebrovskii, Nikolai Vavilov, Theodosius Dobzhansky, H. J. Muller, and Trofim Lysenko. PRCQ. Micro.

• Lewis L. Lorwin (1883-1970)

  479 pp., 1961. Economist. In 1921–23 he conducted a survey of the Soviet Union. He was later chief economist for the International Labor Organization, 1935, and served the ILO and the League of Nations in 1935–39. Permission required to see.

• Livingston Tallmadge Merchant (1903-1976)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 86 pp., 1967. State Department official. Impressions of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, John Foster Dulles, and Vyacheslav Molotov, among others. PRCQ. See also under Marshall Plan and International Negotiations.

• Luther Hartwell Hodges (1898-1974)

  (Eisenhower Administration). 39 pp., 1968. Secretary of commerce under Eisenhower. Visited the Soviet Union as secretary of commerce. PRCQ.

• Malcolm Waters Davis (b. 1889)

  435 pp., 1950, plus papers. Government official and statesman. In 1916 he went to Russia with a War Prisoners Aid Group (YMCAand Red Crosssponsored). After 6 months (in charge of Austrian and German prisoners for Russia), Davis went to work for the Russian Division of the United States Information Service (USIS), with which he served from 1917–19. Thereafter he worked for different international bodies. At the UN conference in San Francisco in 1945, Davis met the Soviet negotiators. He speaks of European and Siberian Russia in 1917–22, and of A. Kerensky, V. I. Lenin, M. Litvinov, Dmitrii (Dimitry) Zakharovich Manuilsky, P. Miliukov, V. Molotov, I. V. Stalin, L. D. Trotskii, A. Gromyko, the Grand Duke Michael, and George Vernadsky. PRCQ. Micro.

• Marshall Plan

  103 pp., 1947–61. Collection includes material on the origins and implementation of the Marshall Plan. Emphasis is on the role of the State Department and particularly of Will Clayton. Participants and pages: Dean Acheson (5), Will Clayton (32), Emilio G. Collado (14), Lewis W. Douglas (2), Livingston Merchant (3), Norman Ness (5), Paul Nitze (8), Arthur Stevens (4), James Stillwell (5), Leroy Stinebower (6), and Ivan White, 19. PRCQ.

• Mary Heaton Vorse (Mrs. Albert White) (1881-1966)

  73 pp., 1957. Author. Speaks of anarcho-syndicalism and of the Soviet Union. PRCQ. Micro.

• Max Rabinoff (1876-1966)

  48 pp., 1963. Impresario. Toured with the Ballet Russe until 1917, helped introduce the Russian ballet to the United States in 1909–11. Open.

• Max Shachtman (1903-1972)

  522 pp., 1963. Trotskyite socialist. Discusses the development of socialist and radical groups in the 1920s and 1930s (Communist Workers Party, Workers' Council, Trotskyites); factional struggles; his trips to Moscow in 1925 and 1927; the International Labor Defense group; his expulsion from the Communist Party; the party split over the Nazi-Soviet pact of 1939; his visits to Leon Trotskii in Turkey, Norway, Paris, and Mexico; Trotskii's assassination; and the Independent Socialist League, 1948–58. Impressions of Joseph Stalin also. PRCQ. Micro. See also under Socialist Movement, Micro.

• Michel Gordey (b. 1913)

  106 pp., 1962. Journalist and author. Experiences in the Office of War Information during World War II and in Budapest during the Hungarian revolt of 1956. Impressions of Nikita Khrushchev. Permission required to see.

• Milburn Lincoln Wilson (1885-1969)

  2,165 pp., 1956. Agriculturist. Wilson went on an advisory trip to Russia in 1929, helping to set up an experimental tractor station near Rostov-on-Don. He participated in the Roerich expedition in the 1930s. The 1929 trip was backed in part by Alexander Legge, head of International Harvester, apparently hoping that Wilson would urge the Soviet Union to reimburse his company for its confiscated tractor plant near Moscow. Wilson also records his impressions of Birobijan, visited on the way home when he passed through Siberia to Vladivostok. PRCQ. Mirco.

• Naval History

  17,921 pp., 1960–69. Concerns modern naval history, intelligence, scientific development, strategy and tactics in both world wars and the Korean conflict, major battles, the Russian navy, and American and foreign political and military figures. Among the 36 participants (with pages) were Alan G. Kirk, 386, and Chester W. Nimitz, 89. Individual restrictions apply.

• Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (1908-1979)

  730 pp., 1952. New York governor and U.S. official. Discussion of the Soviet Union and the San Francisco Conference establishing the UN, 1945, his State Department service, and questions of foreign relations. Closed until 1997. In 2 other memoirs, 40 pp., 1967—Eisenhower Administration, and 52 pp., 1978, he discusses international affairs during the 1950s.

• Nikita S. Khrushchev (1894-1971)

  2,516 pp. Plus the original tape recordings. Soviet Communist Party leader and premier. Khrushchev tape recorded his reminiscences in the Soviet Union, then sent them abroad to be published. He discusses his career in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from its beginnings to his tenure as first secretary, 1953–64. Among the topics covered are the purges and terror of the 1930s, World War II, famine in the Ukraine, Stalin's last years and the struggle for succession, and Soviet foreign relations. Much of this material has appeared in the 2 volumes entitled Khrushchev Remembers (Little, Brown and Co, 1970 and 1974). However, many details and stylistic flourishes were deleted when the cumbersome and disordered manuscript was prepared for publication. Name index and topical outlines. Permission required to see.

• Norman Thomas (1884-1968)

  217 pp., 1950, and 152 pp., 1965. American socialist leader. Biographical memoir in 2 parts. PRCQ. Micro. See also under Socialist Movement, Micro.

• Orvil A. Anderson (1895-1965)

  (Henry H. Arnold Project). 113 pp., 1959. Air Force officer. Mostly on military subjects, World War II, and, in part, lend-lease. Permission required to see. See also under the Aviation Project. Micro.

• Osmond K. Fraenkel (b. 1888)

  144 pp., 1974. Lawyer. Discusses education at Harvard, 1904–1908, and Columbia Law School; early law practice; Soviet cases; Norris, Patterson, Trop, and Leyra cases; communism in America; impressions of Alger Hiss and U.S. Supreme Court justices. PRCQ.

• Paul F. Foster (1889-1972)

  373 pp., 1966. Naval officer. Impressions of Vyacheslav Molotov. Permission required to see.

• Paul Henson Appleby (1891-1963)

  360 pp., 1952. Political scientist. Lend-lease and the State Department. PRCQ. Micro.

• Popular Arts Project

  7,819 pp., 1958–60. Includes references to the Stanislavsky method of acting and Soviet silent films. One interviewee is the actor Akim Tamiroff (55 pp.). Most memoirs open.

• Radio Liberty

  1,495 pp., 1964–65. Transcripts, in Russian, of interviews conducted in Europe by Radio Liberty and the Munichbased Institute for the Study of the USSR. The occasion for the project was the coming 50th anniversary of the Revolution. The 75 participants (with page totals) included: Pavel Ivanovich Anov, pseudonym (32), Nikolai Yakovlevich Galay (23), Alexandr Karlovich Plakhe (25), Semyon Stepanovich Kabysch (18), Roman Vladimirovich Sagovsky (26), Oleg Alexandrovich Kerensky (14), Georgi Yakovlevich Kiverov (48), Maria Samoilovna Davidova (23), Vassili Tsouladze (19), Yuri Petrovich Denicke (54), Mikhail Matveyevich Ter-Pogosian (51), Alexander Osipovich Marchak (50), Arkady Petrovich Stolypin (20), Alexandra Petrovna Kaiserling (nee Stolypina) (15), Lev Nikolaevich Duwing (26), Vadim Alekseevich Kungurvew (25), Nikolai Sergeevich Kozorez (15), Andrei Vasilevich Svetlanin (7), Vasiliy Vasilyevich Orekhoff (21), Alexei Nikolaevich Tchebycheff (18), Sergei Alexandrovich Kasyanov (14), Wladimir Vasilyevich Weidle (16), Wilhelm Karlovich Mutsenek (20), Genrikh Gansovich Laratei (20), Bruno Pavlovich Kalnins (21), Georgii Dmitrievich Adamovich (33), Mark Lfvovich Slonim (54), Nikolai Sergeevich Arsen'ev (38), David Natanovich Shub (52), Prof. N. D. Polonskoi-Vasilenko (31), Mamed Mikheich Sadykov (10), Ekaterina Nikolaevna Roshchina-Insarova (45), Iurii Romanovich Disterlo (25), Evgenii Vasil'evich Maslovskii (16), Petr Grigor'evich Sobolev (48), Aleksei Aleksandrovich Golovin (24), Iurii Evren'evich Dzhunkovskii (26), Vladimir Vladimirovich Popov (21), Aleksei L'vovich Mishchenko (43), Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Lodyzhenskii (49), Mikhail Germanovich Kornfel'd (10), Mark Veniaminovich Vishniak (66), Solomon Meerovich Shvarts (40), Grigorii Iakovlevich Aronson (42), Aleksandra L'vovna Tolstaia (15), Sergei Germanovich Pushkarev (28), Aleksei Aleksandrovich Gol'denveizer (57), Roman Borisovich Gul' (28), Boris Vasil'evich Sergievskii (16), Sergei Georgievich Romanovskii (19), Sergei Viktorovich Grotov (26), Mikhail Iur'evich Rodionov (12), and others. Materials also include an excerpt from a letter written from the front, 9–15 March 1917, Old Style, by Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Drenteln, commander of the Preobrazhenskii Regiment, 15 pp. The original, 32 pp., is held by Count Kochubei in Rome. Interviewees discuss not only events of 1917 but also biographical details (childhood, education, emigration). Participants held a variety of positions in Russian society and came from all over the empire. Subjects covered in the interviews include the student draft, World War I, Petrograd's mood in 1916, the February Revolution, the Kornilov affair, the October Revolution, Civil War, Estonian independence movement, establishment of the hetmanate in the Ukraine, the Bolshevik occupation of Kiev, the Caucasus, and the New Economic Policy. Persons mentioned: A. Kerensky, A. R. Gots, V. Chernov, A. Zenzinov, A. Protopopov, Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich, M. Gorkii, V. Mayakovskii, M. A. Vatsetis, P. I. Stuchka, K. Kh. Danishevsky, P. A. Stolypin, A. Lunacharsky, A. Blok, F. Dzerzhinsky, A. Belyi, A. V. Krivoshein, P. Miliukov, A. Guchkov, V. I. Lenin, and I. V. Stalin. Permission required to see. See also under Angelica Balabanova.

• Ralph Albertson (1866-1951)

  46 pp., 1950, plus papers on microfilm. Clergyman. Traveled in Russia in 1918–19. Permission required to cite or quote (hereinafter, PRCQ). Micro.

• Richard Rodgers (b. 1902)

  392 pp., 1968. Composer. Impressions of George Balanchine. PRCQ; some pages closed during his lifetime.

• Roger Huntington Sessions (b. 1896)

  309 pp., 1962. Composer. Comments on Igor Stravinsky. PRCQ. Micro.

• Roger Nash Baldwin (b. 1884)

  666 pp., 1954. Political reformer and sociologist. Traveled to Russia in 1927. Though he met some political prisoners, his book Liberty Under the Soviets (1928) is generally favorable toward the regime. PRCQ. Micro.

• Socialist Movement

  1,141 pp., 1965. Project concerns the start and development of the Socialist Party, the party's relationship to unions, the Trotskyite movement, the Communist Party, and other groups. Those interviewed and pages: Irving Barshop (27), Daniel Bell (49), John Bennett (30), Travers Clement (39), Morris L. Ernst (33), Paul Feldman (23), Harry Fleischman (38), Samuel Friedman (54), Gerry Gelles (50), Maurice Goldbloom (37), Eric Hass (33), Adolph Held (28), Harry Laidler (50), Aaron J. Levenstein (43), David McReynolds (34), Nathaniel Minkoff (28), A. J. Muste (26), Robin Myers (53), Pauline Newman (33), D. Ernst Papanek (62), Joseph Schlossberg (51), Max Shachtman (76), Herman Singer (23), Mark Starr (42), Seymour Steinsapir (24), Irwin Suall (43), Paul Sweezy (14), Norman Thomas (25), Gus Tyler (28), and James Weinstein (45). PRCQ.

• Stanley Washburn (1878-1950)

  201 pp., 1950. Journalist and businessman. Discusses Republican politics, 1890–1932; the Russo-Japanese War; service as a correspondent in Russia for the London Times, 1914–17; Stevens's railroad mission and the Elihu Root diplomatic mission to Russia in 1917. PRCQ. Micro.

• Ted Cott (1917-1973)

  297 pp., 1961. Radio and television executive. Speaks of the David Susskind interview of Nikita Khrushchev on the program Open End. PRCQ. Micro.

• Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975)

  637 pp., 1962. Russian-American geneticist. In part 1 of the interview, he talks about his childhood and education in Russia, his early interest in genetics, experiences during the revolutionary and postrevolutionary years, and his genetics training in the USSR. He came to the U.S. in 1928 on a Rockefeller fellowship. In part 2 he gives his impressions of certain scientists, especially geneticists. PRCQ. Micro.

• Thomas Day Thacher (1881-1950)

  108 pp., 1949, plus papers. Judge. Comments on Russia in 1917. Closed until 1 January 2000.

• W. Averell Harriman (b. 1891)

  (International Negotiations). 353 pp., 1969. Statesman and official. He was present at many World War II conferences with I. V. Stalin and other Allied leaders. He assesses the use of the presidency in international affairs from 1933–69, talks at length about the nuclear test ban agreement, and discusses the Vietnam peace talks. Permission required to see.

• William Leonard Laurence (1888-1977)

  148 pp., 1954 and 395 pp., 1964. Science editor for the New York Times, born in Russia. He talks about his early years in Russia and about his coverage of the development of atomic energy, the Manhattan Project, and the dropping of the atomic bomb. PRCQ. Micro. Note: The oral history collection also contains interviews with men who worked on the development of the atomic bomb (the Manhattan Project): Kenneth Bainbridge, Harvey Bundy, Charles Coryell, and Norman Ramsey. None of these interviews is listed separately in this entry.